active ingredient
The component that directly kills, inhibits, or controls the targeted weeds.
adjuvant
A substance added to a herbicide spray to improve its effectiveness or application characteristics.
basal spray
A control method for woody invasive plantswhere herbicide spray mixture carried in oil is sprayed onto the basal stem portion of target plants.
brackish
Water that is saltier than freshwater but less salty than seawater. It’s a mix of fresh and saltwater, often found in estuaries where rivers meet the ocean.
broadleaf
A plant, often a tree or weed, characterized by its wide, flat leaves with a branched, or net-like, vein pattern.
cultivar
A plant variety that has been produced in cultivation by selective breeding.
evergreen
A plant that retains green leaves throughout the year.
fibrous
Many thin, hair-like roots arising from the stem.
foliar
Of, relating to, or applied to leaves.
fragments
A small part broken off or separated from the plant.
grub/grubbing
The removal of roots, stumps, and other vegetative matter from the ground.
herbacious
A plant that has no persistent woody stems above ground.
lobe
Recognisable, but not separated, rounded division or segment of a leaf.
neat
Undiluted
nodes
The point at which leaves, branches or roots arise on a stem.
non-selective
Herbicide that will kill all species it is sprayed over.
overspray
Excess liquid eg herbicide which spreads or beyond a target area.
perennial
A plant lasting for three seasons or more.
plant crown
The growing point of an upright rhizome or trunk. This usually produces a tuft or ring of fronds.
prills
Pellets containing picloram (20 g/kg).
regenerating
Native plants regrowing from seed in the soil.
residual activity
The time required to dissipate one half of the applied herbicide.
rhizomes
A underground stem (usually spreading horizontally or creeping) or short and erect.
semi-epiphate
A plant that, for part of its life cycle, lives on another plant but eventually establishes roots in the ground, or a plant that is capable of living both epiphytically (on other plants) or terrestrially (in soil).
stands
A plant population consisting exclusively or largely of members of one species, variety, or type.
suckers
A shoot thrown up by a plant from beneath the surface of the ground.
taproot
A primary root that grows vertically downward and gives off small lateral roots.
tendrils
A thin curly stem that wrap around other objects for support.
terrestrial
On dry land.
tuber
A roundish under-ground succulent stem, covered with buds, from which new plants or tubers are produced.
water bodies
Fresh water or geothermal water in a river, lake, stream, pond, wetland, or aquifer, or any part thereof, that is not located within the coastal marine area.
wetlands
A site that regularly has areas of open water for part or all of the year, or has a water table within 10 cm of the surface for at least 3 months of the year. Wetland ecosystems support a range of plant and animal species adapted to a aquatic or semi-aquatic environment.